This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. The enzyme encoded by this gene appears to mainly play a role in glycolipid biosynthesis. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for B4GALT4. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = B4GALT4 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of B4GALT4, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr3:119,034,159–119,035,267 | 206.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 570 | |
| chr3:119,173,189–119,173,912 | 67.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 150 | |
| chr3:119,206,295–119,207,798 | 33.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 256 | |
| chr3:119,210,998–119,211,738 | 29.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 234 | |
| chr3:119,240,068–119,241,279 | 54 bp | At TSS Multiome | 820 | |
| chr3:119,241,393–119,241,941 | 839 bp | At TSS Multiome | 393 | |
| chr3:119,293,740–119,295,412 | 53.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 540 | |
| chr3:119,322,394–119,324,118 | 82.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 824 | |
| chr3:119,349,421–119,349,961 | 108.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 181 | |
| chr3:119,350,134–119,350,644 | 109.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 175 | |
| chr3:119,360,851–119,361,645 | 120.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 107 | |
| chr3:119,417,868–119,418,544 | 177.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 156 | |
| chr3:119,463,124–119,464,243 | 222.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 902 | |
| chr3:119,468,550–119,469,486 | 228.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 832 | |
| chr3:119,497,916–119,499,024 | 257.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 886 |
Genomic view of the B4GALT4 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.