The protein encoded by this gene is a bifunctional, cytosolic protein that functions as an essential enzyme in the TCA cycle and interacts with mRNA to control the levels of iron inside cells. When cellular iron levels are high, this protein binds to a 4Fe-4S cluster and functions as an aconitase. Aconitases are iron-sulfur proteins that function to catalyze the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. When cellular iron levels are low, the protein binds to iron-responsive elements (IREs), which are stem-loop structures found in the 5' UTR of ferritin mRNA, and in the 3' UTR of transferrin receptor mRNA. When the protein binds to IRE, it results in repression of translation of ferritin mRNA, and inhibition of degradation of the otherwise rapidly degraded transferrin receptor mRNA. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for ACO1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = ACO1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of ACO1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr9:32,344,322–32,345,899 | 39.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 320 | |
| chr9:32,378,587–32,379,036 | 5.6 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 167 | |
| chr9:32,379,153–32,379,599 | 5.0 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 260 | |
| chr9:32,383,941–32,385,359 | 17 bp | At TSS Multiome | 770 | |
| chr9:32,390,366–32,390,566 | 5.7 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 4 | |
| chr9:32,393,311–32,393,719 | 8.7 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 4 | |
| chr9:32,524,630–32,526,749 | 140.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 802 | |
| chr9:32,550,146–32,552,913 | 166.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 1007 | |
| chr9:32,572,342–32,573,474 | 188.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 817 |
Genomic view of the ACO1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.