TGM2
transglutaminase 2 | TG2, TGC

Transglutaminases are enzymes that catalyze the crosslinking of proteins by epsilon-gamma glutamyl lysine isopeptide bonds. While the primary structure of transglutaminases is not conserved, they all have the same amino acid sequence at their active sites and their activity is calcium-dependent. The protein encoded by this gene acts as a monomer, is induced by retinoic acid, and appears to be involved in apoptosis. Finally, the encoded protein is the autoantigen implicated in celiac disease. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Biological processes 68 terms
GTP binding (GO:0005525)GTPase activator activity (GO:0005096)apoptotic cell clearance (GO:0043277)bone development (GO:0060348)bone development (GO:0060348)calcium ion binding (GO:0005509)cellular response to cocaine (GO:0071314)cellular response to dopamine (GO:1903351)cellular response to serotonin (GO:1904015)chromatin (GO:0000785)chromatin remodeling (GO:0006338)chromosome (GO:0005694)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)extracellular exosome (GO:0070062)extracellular matrix (GO:0031012)extracellular matrix (GO:0031012)extracellular matrix (GO:0031012)extracellular matrix organization (GO:0030198)focal adhesion (GO:0005925)histone dopaminyltransferase activity (GO:0120297)histone serotonyltransferase activity (GO:0120295)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion concentration (GO:0032471)negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion concentration (GO:0032471)nucleosome (GO:0000786)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)peptide cross-linking (GO:0018149)peptide dopaminyltransferase activity (GO:0120296)peptide histaminyltransferase activity (GO:0120299)peptide histaminyltransferase activity (GO:0120299)peptide noradrenalinyltransferase activity (GO:0120298)peptide serotonyltransferase activity (GO:0120294)perinuclear region of cytoplasm (GO:0048471)perinuclear region of cytoplasm (GO:0048471)phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007200)phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007200)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)positive regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043065)positive regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043065)positive regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043065)positive regulation of cell adhesion (GO:0045785)positive regulation of cell adhesion (GO:0045785)positive regulation of mitochondrial calcium ion concentration (GO:0051561)positive regulation of mitochondrial calcium ion concentration (GO:0051561)positive regulation of mitochondrial calcium ion concentration (GO:0051561)positive regulation of neurogenesis (GO:0050769)positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction (GO:0051057)positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis (GO:1903672)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein homooligomerization (GO:0051260)protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (GO:0003810)protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (GO:0003810)protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (GO:0003810)protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (GO:0003810)protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (GO:0003810)protein-glutamine glutaminase activity (GO:0050568)protein-glutamine glutaminase activity (GO:0050568)regulation of apoptotic cell clearance (GO:2000425)regulation of apoptotic cell clearance (GO:2000425)regulation of apoptotic cell clearance (GO:2000425)regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0042981)
Expression (TPM)
TGM2 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating TGM2 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for TGM2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = TGM2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to TGM2

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of TGM2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr20:38,165,098–38,165,562 at TSS At TSS 707

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the TGM2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr20:38,155,098 – 38,175,562
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq