Cholesterol homeostasis is regulated, at least in part, by sterol regulatory element (SRE)-binding proteins (e.g., SREBP1; MIM 184756) and by liver X receptors (e.g., LXRA; MIM 602423). Upon sterol depletion, LXRs are inactive and SREBPs are cleaved, after which they bind promoter SREs and activate genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake. Sterol transport is mediated by vesicles or by soluble protein carriers, such as steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR; MIM 600617). STAR is homologous to a family of proteins containing a 200- to 210-amino acid STAR-related lipid transfer (START) domain, including STARD4 (Soccio et al., 2002 [PubMed 12011452]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for STARD4. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = STARD4 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of STARD4, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr5:111,223,414–111,225,205 | 288.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 593 | |
| chr5:111,447,496–111,448,355 | 64.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 259 | |
| chr5:111,511,588–111,513,437 | 26 bp | At TSS Multiome | 1035 | |
| chr5:111,548,011–111,549,940 | 36.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 416 | |
| chr5:111,756,861–111,758,380 | 245.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 939 | |
| chr5:112,160,273–112,161,560 | 648.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 1064 | |
| chr5:112,165,948–112,167,034 | 653.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 403 |
Genomic view of the STARD4 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.