SPHK1
sphingosine kinase 1 | SPHK

The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a lipid mediator with both intra- and extracellular functions. Intracellularly, S1P regulates proliferation and survival, and extracellularly, it is a ligand for cell surface G protein-coupled receptors. This protein, and its product S1P, play a key role in TNF-alpha signaling and the NF-kappa-B activation pathway important in inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and immune processes. Phosphorylation of this protein alters its catalytic activity and promotes its translocation to the plasma membrane. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

Biological processes 87 terms
ATP binding (GO:0005524)DNA binding (GO:0003677)acetyltransferase activity (GO:0016407)acetyltransferase activity (GO:0016407)calcium-mediated signaling (GO:0019722)calmodulin binding (GO:0005516)cellular response to growth factor stimulus (GO:0071363)cellular response to growth factor stimulus (GO:0071363)cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus (GO:0035924)cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus (GO:0035924)clathrin-coated pit (GO:0005905)clathrin-coated pit (GO:0005905)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasmic vesicle (GO:0031410)cytosol (GO:0005829)early endosome membrane (GO:0031901)endocytic vesicle (GO:0030139)endocytic vesicle (GO:0030139)endosome membrane (GO:0010008)intracellular membrane-bounded organelle (GO:0043231)intracellular signal transduction (GO:0035556)kinase activity (GO:0016301)lipid binding (GO:0008289)lipid kinase activity (GO:0001727)magnesium ion binding (GO:0000287)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process (GO:1900060)negative regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process (GO:1900060)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)positive regulation of angiogenesis (GO:0045766)positive regulation of cell growth (GO:0030307)positive regulation of cell migration (GO:0030335)positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation (GO:0048146)positive regulation of interleukin-17 production (GO:0032740)positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle (GO:0045931)positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction (GO:1901224)positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade (GO:1900745)positive regulation of protein ubiquitination (GO:0031398)positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction (GO:0045987)presynapse (GO:0098793)presynapse (GO:0098793)presynapse (GO:0098793)presynapse (GO:0098793)protein acetylation (GO:0006473)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein phosphatase 2A binding (GO:0051721)regulation of endocytosis (GO:0030100)regulation of endocytosis (GO:0030100)regulation of endosomal vesicle fusion (GO:1905364)regulation of endosomal vesicle fusion (GO:1905364)regulation of lipid metabolic process (GO:0019216)regulation of microglial cell activation (GO:1903978)regulation of microglial cell activation (GO:1903978)regulation of multicellular organismal process (GO:0051239)regulation of neuroinflammatory response (GO:0150077)regulation of neuroinflammatory response (GO:0150077)regulation of phagocytosis (GO:0050764)regulation of phagocytosis (GO:0050764)regulation of transport (GO:0051049)regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0010803)response to tumor necrosis factor (GO:0034612)sphingoid catabolic process (GO:0046521)sphingolipid biosynthetic process (GO:0030148)sphingosine biosynthetic process (GO:0046512)sphingosine biosynthetic process (GO:0046512)sphingosine biosynthetic process (GO:0046512)sphingosine biosynthetic process (GO:0046512)sphingosine kinase activity (GO:0008481)sphingosine kinase activity (GO:0008481)sphingosine kinase activity (GO:0008481)sphingosine kinase activity (GO:0008481)sphingosine metabolic process (GO:0006670)sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activity (GO:0038036)sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activity (GO:0038036)sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway (GO:0003376)synapse (GO:0045202)
Expression (TPM)
SPHK1 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating SPHK1 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for SPHK1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = SPHK1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to SPHK1

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of SPHK1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr17:76,382,743–76,383,666 982 bp At TSS 789
chr17:76,383,686–76,385,081 at TSS At TSS 823
chr17:76,385,493–76,386,382 844 bp At TSS 935

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the SPHK1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr17:76,372,743 – 76,396,382
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq