PTGS2
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 | COX2

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. There are two isozymes of PTGS: a constitutive PTGS1 and an inducible PTGS2, which differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. This gene encodes the inducible isozyme. It is regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

Biological processes 62 terms
brown fat cell differentiation (GO:0050873)cellular oxidant detoxification (GO:0098869)cellular response to hypoxia (GO:0071456)cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress (GO:0071471)cyclooxygenase pathway (GO:0019371)cyclooxygenase pathway (GO:0019371)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)endoplasmic reticulum lumen (GO:0005788)endoplasmic reticulum lumen (GO:0005788)endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789)endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789)enzyme binding (GO:0019899)heme binding (GO:0020037)heme binding (GO:0020037)lipoxygenase pathway (GO:0019372)long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process (GO:0042759)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress (GO:1902219)neuron projection (GO:0043005)neuron projection (GO:0043005)neuron projection (GO:0043005)nuclear inner membrane (GO:0005637)nuclear inner membrane (GO:0005637)nuclear outer membrane (GO:0005640)nuclear outer membrane (GO:0005640)oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen (GO:0016705)oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (GO:0016701)oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (GO:0016701)oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen (GO:0016702)peroxidase activity (GO:0004601)peroxidase activity (GO:0004601)positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation (GO:0090336)positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation (GO:0090336)positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis (GO:0090050)positive regulation of fever generation (GO:0031622)positive regulation of fever generation (GO:0031622)positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production (GO:0090271)positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process (GO:0045429)positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production (GO:0090362)positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process (GO:0031394)positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process (GO:0031394)positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production (GO:0071636)positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production (GO:0010575)prostaglandin biosynthetic process (GO:0001516)prostaglandin biosynthetic process (GO:0001516)prostaglandin biosynthetic process (GO:0001516)prostaglandin biosynthetic process (GO:0001516)prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity (GO:0004666)prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity (GO:0004666)prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity (GO:0004666)prostanoid biosynthetic process (GO:0046457)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803)regulation of blood pressure (GO:0008217)regulation of inflammatory response (GO:0050727)regulation of neuroinflammatory response (GO:0150077)regulation of neuroinflammatory response (GO:0150077)response to oxidative stress (GO:0006979)
Expression (TPM)
PTGS2 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating PTGS2 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for PTGS2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = PTGS2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to PTGS2

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of PTGS2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr1:186,679,814–186,681,384 at TSS At TSS 522

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the PTGS2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr1:186,669,814 – 186,691,384
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq