This gene is a member of the Period family of genes and is expressed in a circadian pattern in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the primary circadian pacemaker in the mammalian brain. Genes in this family encode components of the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity, metabolism, and behavior. This gene is upregulated by CLOCK/ARNTL heterodimers but then represses this upregulation in a feedback loop using PER/CRY heterodimers to interact with CLOCK/ARNTL. Polymorphisms in this gene may increase the risk of getting certain cancers and have been linked to sleep disorders. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for PER2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = PER2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of PER2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr2:238,060,279–238,061,878 | 227.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 970 | |
| chr2:238,098,121–238,098,760 | 190.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 222 | |
| chr2:238,158,343–238,159,417 | 129.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 343 | |
| chr2:238,203,020–238,204,239 | 85.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 702 | |
| chr2:238,234,336–238,234,816 | 54.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 543 | |
| chr2:238,238,732–238,241,847 | 48.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1072 | |
| chr2:238,285,858–238,286,300 | 2.5 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 426 | |
| chr2:238,287,738–238,289,462 | 128 bp | At TSS Multiome | 893 | |
| chr2:238,289,660–238,290,518 | 1.6 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 315 | |
| chr2:238,319,822–238,321,188 | 31.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 623 | |
| chr2:238,425,866–238,427,628 | 138.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 920 |
Genomic view of the PER2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.