GCK
glucokinase | HK4, HKIV, MODY2

This gene encodes a member of the hexokinase family of proteins. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. The use of multiple promoters and alternative splicing of this gene result in distinct protein isoforms that exhibit tissue-specific expression in the pancreas and liver. In the pancreas, this enzyme plays a role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, while in the liver, this enzyme is important in glucose uptake and conversion to glycogen. Mutations in this gene that alter enzyme activity have been associated with multiple types of diabetes and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

Biological processes 52 terms
ATP binding (GO:0005524)ATP binding (GO:0005524)D-glucose binding (GO:0005536)D-glucose binding (GO:0005536)calcium ion import (GO:0070509)canonical glycolysis (GO:0061621)carbohydrate metabolic process (GO:0005975)cellular response to insulin stimulus (GO:0032869)cellular response to leptin stimulus (GO:0044320)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)fructokinase activity (GO:0008865)fructokinase activity (GO:0008865)glucokinase activity (GO:0004340)glucokinase activity (GO:0004340)glucokinase activity (GO:0004340)glucokinase activity (GO:0004340)glucokinase activity (GO:0004340)glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process (GO:0051156)glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process (GO:0051156)glucose catabolic process (GO:0006007)glucose homeostasis (GO:0042593)glucose homeostasis (GO:0042593)glucose metabolic process (GO:0006006)glucose metabolic process (GO:0006006)glucose sensor activity (GO:0141089)glycolytic process (GO:0006096)glycolytic process (GO:0006096)hexokinase activity (GO:0004396)hexose metabolic process (GO:0019318)intracellular glucose homeostasis (GO:0001678)intracellular glucose homeostasis (GO:0001678)mannokinase activity (GO:0019158)mannokinase activity (GO:0019158)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)negative regulation of gluconeogenesis (GO:0045721)nicotinamide nucleotide metabolic process (GO:0046496)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleus (GO:0005634)positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process (GO:0045725)positive regulation of insulin secretion (GO:0032024)positive regulation of insulin secretion (GO:0032024)protein binding (GO:0005515)purine nucleotide metabolic process (GO:0006163)regulation of glycolytic process (GO:0006110)regulation of insulin secretion (GO:0050796)regulation of insulin secretion (GO:0050796)response to glucose (GO:0009749)
Expression (TPM)
GCK — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating GCK 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for GCK. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = GCK upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to GCK

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of GCK, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr7:44,141,265–44,141,602 4.5 kb Proximal (<10kb) 27
chr7:44,145,408–44,146,956 at TSS At TSS 347

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the GCK locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr7:44,131,265 – 44,156,956
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq