CSF1
colony stimulating factor 1 | M-CSF, MCSF, MGC31930

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a disulfide-linked homodimer, and is thought to be produced by proteolytic cleavage of membrane-bound precursors. The encoded protein may be involved in development of the placenta. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

Biological processes 59 terms
CSF1-CSF1R complex (GO:1990682)CSF1-CSF1R complex (GO:1990682)cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway (GO:0007169)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)developmental process involved in reproduction (GO:0003006)developmental process involved in reproduction (GO:0003006)endoplasmic reticulum lumen (GO:0005788)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)growth factor activity (GO:0008083)growth factor activity (GO:0008083)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)innate immune response (GO:0045087)macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding (GO:0005157)macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding (GO:0005157)macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding (GO:0005157)macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway (GO:0038145)macrophage differentiation (GO:0030225)macrophage differentiation (GO:0030225)membrane (GO:0016020)membrane (GO:0016020)microglial cell proliferation (GO:0061518)monocyte activation (GO:0042117)osteoclast differentiation (GO:0030316)osteoclast differentiation (GO:0030316)osteoclast differentiation (GO:0030316)perinuclear region of cytoplasm (GO:0048471)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)positive regulation of cell migration (GO:0030335)positive regulation of cell migration (GO:0030335)positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284)positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284)positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion (GO:0001954)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of immune system process (GO:0002684)positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis (GO:0010759)positive regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway (GO:1902228)positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation (GO:0010744)positive regulation of macrophage differentiation (GO:0045651)positive regulation of macrophage differentiation (GO:0045651)positive regulation of macrophage migration (GO:1905523)positive regulation of microglial cell migration (GO:1904141)positive regulation of monocyte differentiation (GO:0045657)positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation (GO:0032946)positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation (GO:0045672)positive regulation of protein metabolic process (GO:0051247)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803)protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803)regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation (GO:0010743)response to ischemia (GO:0002931)
Expression (TPM)
CSF1 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating CSF1 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for CSF1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = CSF1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to CSF1

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of CSF1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr1:109,910,465–109,911,472 at TSS At TSS 618

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the CSF1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr1:109,900,465 – 109,921,472
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq