ABCA4
ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 4 | ARMD2, CORD3, FFM, ABCR, RP19, STGD, STGD1

The membrane-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intracellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the ABC1 subfamily. Members of the ABC1 subfamily comprise the only major ABC subfamily found exclusively in multicellular eukaryotes. This protein is a retina-specific ABC transporter with N-retinylidene-PE as a substrate. It is expressed exclusively in retina photoreceptor cells, and the gene product mediates transport of an essental molecule, all-trans-retinal aldehyde (atRAL), across the photoreceptor cell membrane. Mutations in this gene are found in patients diagnosed with Stargardt disease, a form of juvenile-onset macular degeneration. Mutations in this gene are also associated with retinitis pigmentosa-19, cone-rod dystrophy type 3, early-onset severe retinal dystrophy, fundus flavimaculatus, and macular degeneration age-related 2. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2019]

Biological processes 46 terms
11-cis retinal binding (GO:0005502)ABC-type transporter activity (GO:0140359)ATP binding (GO:0005524)ATP binding (GO:0005524)ATP hydrolysis activity (GO:0016887)ATP hydrolysis activity (GO:0016887)ATP hydrolysis activity (GO:0016887)ATPase-coupled intramembrane lipid carrier activity (GO:0140326)ATPase-coupled intramembrane lipid carrier activity (GO:0140326)ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0042626)ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0042626)GTPase activity (GO:0003924)N-retinylidene-phosphatidylethanolamine flippase activity (GO:0140347)N-retinylidene-phosphatidylethanolamine flippase activity (GO:0140347)all-trans retinal binding (GO:0005503)cytoplasmic vesicle (GO:0031410)cytoplasmic vesicle (GO:0031410)endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)flippase activity (GO:0140327)intracellular membrane-bounded organelle (GO:0043231)lipid transport (GO:0006869)lipid transport (GO:0006869)membrane (GO:0016020)membrane (GO:0016020)organic hydroxy compound transport (GO:0015850)phosphatidylethanolamine flippase activity (GO:0090555)phospholipid translocation (GO:0045332)phospholipid translocation (GO:0045332)photoreceptor disc membrane (GO:0097381)photoreceptor outer segment (GO:0001750)photoreceptor outer segment (GO:0001750)phototransduction, visible light (GO:0007603)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)retinal metabolic process (GO:0042574)retinal metabolic process (GO:0042574)retinoid binding (GO:0005501)retinoid metabolic process (GO:0001523)retinoid metabolic process (GO:0001523)retinol transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0034632)retinol transport (GO:0034633)rod photoreceptor disc membrane (GO:0120202)transmembrane transport (GO:0055085)transmembrane transport (GO:0055085)visual perception (GO:0007601)visual perception (GO:0007601)
Expression (TPM)
ABCA4 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating ABCA4 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for ABCA4. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = ABCA4 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to ABCA4

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of ABCA4, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr1:94,061,312–94,061,752 at TSS At TSS 323
chr1:94,068,875–94,069,586 7.4 kb Proximal (<10kb) 400

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the ABCA4 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr1:94,051,312 – 94,079,586
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq